The pronoun en

CEFR A2Taught in Module 22, La ville et les services

The partner of y, and the one English has no equivalent for at all — which is why it gets left out.

en replaces de + something, including every partitive and every quantity.

Tu veux du pain ?Oui, j'en veux.
Elle a des enfants ?Elle en a trois.
Il revient de Paris.Il en revient.
Tu as besoin d'aide ?Oui, j'en ai besoin.

With a number or a quantity, the number stays. This is the part learners drop:

  • Combien de frères as-tu ? — J'en ai deux. (not j'ai deux)
  • Vous voulez du café ? — Oui, j'en veux un peu.
  • Il y en a beaucoup.

In English "I have two" is complete. In French j'ai deux is not a sentence — the en is compulsory, and leaving it out is the single most common error with this pronoun.

*Position is the same as y: before the verb, before the infinitive, after the verb in a positive command — Prends-en !*

*The two together, in this order: y then en. Il y en a.* — There is some / There are some of them.

The division of labour, in one line: y is à, en is de. Almost every use of both follows from which preposition the verb takes, so learning a verb with its preposition — penser à*, avoir besoin de* — is what makes the pronouns automatic.

Knowing the rule is not the same as producing it.

This page explains the pattern. The track drills it: the point arrives inside a mini-dialogue, then production marked against a CEFR descriptor, then a module test that returns you to your two weakest sessions if you miss it.