Indefinite articles (un, une, des)

CEFR A1Taught in Module 02, Ma famille, mes affaires

Assumes you already have

Definite articles (le, la, les)

Use an indefinite article ("a", "an", "some") when you mean any example of a thing, not one specific, already-known thing.

ArticleUsed withExample
unmasculine, singularun chat (a cat)
unefeminine, singularune voiture (a car)
desplural (masc. or fem.)des livres (some books)

Examples: "J'ai un chien." (I have a dog.) · "Elle a une sœur." (She has a sister.) · "Nous avons des amis à Paris." (We have friends in Paris.)

Compare with definite articles: "un chat" (a cat, any cat) vs. "le chat" (the cat, a specific cat you both already know about).

What this unlocks

Knowing the rule is not the same as producing it.

This page explains the pattern. The track drills it: the point arrives inside a mini-dialogue, then production marked against a CEFR descriptor, then a module test that returns you to your two weakest sessions if you miss it.